Are fiber supplements effective for cognitive support? Only modestly so far: one 12-week trial in adults over 60 found 7.5 grams a day of inulin and FOS improved memory test scores, while a review of other prebiotic trials found no effect. If you try one, ramp up over two weeks, give it 12 weeks, and rule out common causes of brain fog such as poor sleep or low vitamin B12 first.